Syllabus

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Analog Electronic Circuits

Definition: Analog Electronic Circuits covers the fundamentals of semiconductor devices such as diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs, and operational amplifiers for designing amplifiers, rectifiers, oscillators, and analog systems.

Module 1: Diode Circuits

• P-N junction diode, I-V characteristics of a diode.
• Review of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.
• Zener diodes, clamping and clipping circuits.

Module 2: BJT Circuits

• Structure and I-V characteristics of a BJT.
• BJT as a switch.
• BJT as an amplifier: small-signal model, biasing circuits, current mirror.
• Common-emitter, common-base and common collector amplifiers.
• Small signal equivalent circuits, high-frequency equivalent circuits.

Module 3: MOSFET Circuits

• MOSFET structure and I-V characteristics.
• MOSFET as a switch.
• MOSFET as an amplifier: small-signal model and biasing circuits.
• Common-source, common-gate and common-drain amplifiers.
• Small signal equivalent circuits – gain, input and output impedances, transconductance, high frequency equivalent circuit.

Module 4: Differential, Multi-Stage and Operational Amplifiers

• Differential amplifier.
• Power amplifier.
• Direct coupled multi-stage amplifier.
• Internal structure of an operational amplifier, ideal op-amp.
• Non-idealities in an op-amp (Output offset voltage, input bias current, input offset current, slew rate, gain bandwidth product).

Module 5: Linear Applications of Op-Amp

• Idealized analysis of op-amp circuits.
• Inverting and non-inverting amplifier, differential amplifier, instrumentation amplifier.
• Integrator, active filter, P, PI and PID controllers and lead/lag compensator using an op-amp.
• Voltage regulator, oscillators (Wein bridge and phase shift).
• Analog to Digital Conversion.

Module 6: Nonlinear Applications of Op-Amp

• Hysteretic Comparator, Zero Crossing Detector.
• Square-wave and triangular-wave generators.
• Precision rectifier, peak detector.
• Monoshot.

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Calculus and Ordinary Differential Equations

Definition: Calculus and Ordinary Differential Equations provides mathematical tools for engineering, including limits, derivatives, integrals, series, and solutions to differential equations.

Module 1: Multivariable Calculus

• Partial derivatives, chain rule.
• Total differential, maxima and minima.
• Lagrange multipliers.

Module 2: Multiple Integrals

• Double and triple integrals.
• Change of order and variables.
• Applications: area, volume.

Module 3: Vector Calculus

• Gradient, divergence, curl.
• Line, surface and volume integrals.
• Green’s, Stokes’ and Gauss theorems.

Module 4: Ordinary Differential Equations (First Order)

• Exact, linear and Bernoulli equations.
• Orthogonal trajectories.
• Applications in engineering.

Module 5: Higher Order Differential Equations

• Linear equations with constant coefficients.
• Cauchy-Euler equations.
• Method of variation of parameters.

Module 6: Series Solutions and Special Functions

• Power series method.
• Legendre and Bessel equations.
• Laplace transforms for ODEs.

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Data Structures and Algorithms

Definition: Data Structures and Algorithms introduces efficient organization of data and algorithmic techniques for problem-solving, including analysis of time and space complexity.

Module 1: Introduction

• Basic concepts of data structures and algorithms.
• Complexity analysis: Big O notation.
• Arrays, stacks, queues.

Module 2: Linked Lists

• Singly, doubly and circular linked lists.
• Operations: insertion, deletion, traversal.

Module 3: Stacks and Queues

• Applications: expression evaluation, recursion.
• Priority queues, deque.

Module 4: Trees

• Binary trees, traversal methods.
• Binary search trees, AVL trees.
• Heap data structure.

Module 5: Graphs

• Representation: adjacency matrix/list.
• Traversal: BFS, DFS.
• Shortest path algorithms.

Module 6: Sorting and Searching

• Bubble, selection, insertion, merge, quick sort.
• Hashing techniques.

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Digital Electronics

Definition: Digital Electronics deals with logic gates, Boolean algebra, combinational and sequential circuits for designing digital systems.

Module 1: Number Systems and Logic Gates

• Binary, decimal, hexadecimal conversions.
• Boolean algebra, minimization techniques.
• Basic and universal gates.

Module 2: Combinational Circuits

• Adders, subtractors, multiplexers.
• Decoders, encoders.
• Parity generators.

Module 3: Sequential Circuits

• Flip-flops: SR, JK, D, T.
• Registers and counters.
• State diagrams.

Module 4: Memory Devices

• RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM.
• PLA, PAL.

Module 5: Logic Families

• TTL, CMOS characteristics.
• Interfacing.

Module 6: ADC and DAC

• Types and working.
• Specifications.

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Effective Technical Communication

Definition: Effective Technical Communication develops skills in professional writing, speaking, and presentation for engineering contexts.

Module 1: Communication Basics

• Process and types of communication.
• Barriers to communication.
• 7 Cs of communication.

Module 2: Technical Writing

• Report writing, structure.
• Proposal and resume writing.
• Email and memo writing.

Module 3: Oral Communication

• Presentation skills.
• Group discussions.
• Interview techniques.

Module 4: Listening and Reading

• Active listening.
• Comprehension strategies.

Module 5: Non-Verbal Communication

• Body language.
• Proxemics and paralanguage.

Module 6: Advanced Topics

• Ethics in communication.
• Cross-cultural communication.

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